lots of things, but mainly finish runner. gonna be a ton of debugging now.

Qrakhen.Qamp.CLI/Qrakhen.Qamp.CLI.csproj

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 
   <PropertyGroup>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
+    <TargetFramework>net10.0</TargetFramework>
     <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <BaseOutputPath>..\Build\</BaseOutputPath>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

Qrakhen.Qamp.CLI/TODO.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Todo:
+
+### Make Digester OOP-ish
+    - inherit from a base digester that has the continouus stack / reader references as protected information
+    - one digester for every job area (Loops, Functions, Variables, etc.)
+    - time is not as essential here as I want to have the executables pre-compiled to OpCodes anyway
+
+### - Finish runner
+    - add interpretation for all remaining op codes
+    - make variable operations faster with optimized inline lambda expressions
+    - better debugging for the instruction set
+
+### CLI / IDE / VSC
+    - fix 'IDE' in CLI
+    - create syntax highlighting extension for vs code (if i ever manage to)
+
+### Smaller Goals
+    - think of a cleaner way to handle Obj (pointers specifically)
+    - add classic sqript dialect
+    - fix console "IDE"
+    - split runtime, digester and core into separate projects

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Collections/Expander.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public abstract class Expander<T> :
 {
     protected T[] Data;
 
-    public long Count { get; protected set; }= 0;
+    public long Count { get; protected set; } = 0;
     public long Capacity => Data.Length;
     
     protected Expander(int capacity = 0x10)

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Collections/FixedArray.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
 
+/// <summary>
+///     Basically just a normal array, but implements <see cref="IGetSet{TKey, TValue}"/> to be used with <see cref="Pointer{T}"/>.
+/// </summary>
+/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
 public class FixedArray<T> : IEnumerable<T>, IGetSet<long, T>
 {
     protected T[] Data;

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Collections/Pointer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     Dynamic Pointer able to point to any object implementing the <see cref="IGetSet{long, TValue}"/> interface. 
+/// </summary>
+public class Pointer<T>
+{
+    protected IGetSet<long, T> Target;
+    public long Ptr;
+
+    public Pointer(IGetSet<long, T> target, long pointer = 0)
+    {
+        Target = target;
+        Ptr = pointer;
+    }
+
+    public Pointer<T> Branch(long delta = 0)
+    {
+        return new Pointer<T>(Target, Ptr + delta);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Returns the next item from <see cref="Target"/> and increases the pointer by 1.
+    /// </summary>
+    public T Next() => Target.Get(Ptr++);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Sets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at <paramref name="position"/>. 
+    /// </summary>
+    public void Set(long position, T value) => Target.Set(position, value);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Sets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at the current <see cref="Ptr"/> location. 
+    /// </summary>
+    public void Set(T value) => Set(Ptr, value);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Gets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at <paramref name="position"/>. 
+    /// </summary>
+    public T Get(long position) => Target.Get(position);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Gets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at the current <see cref="Ptr"/> location. 
+    /// </summary>
+    public T Get() => Get(Ptr);
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Collections/PopStack.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,13 @@
 
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
 
-public class PopStack<T> : IEnumerable<T>, IPop<T>, IPeekable<T>
+/// <summary>
+///     Pop-Only stack with a fixed array that is gradually reduced.
+/// </summary>
+public class PopStack<T> : 
+    IEnumerable<T>,
+    IPop<T>,
+    IPeekable<T>
 {
     private readonly T[] _data;
 

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Collections/PushStack.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
 
-public class StackRegister<T> : Expander<T>, IToArray<T>
+/// <summary>
+///     Push-only Stack that is based on <see cref="Expander{T}"/>.
+/// </summary>
+/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
+public class PushStack<T> : 
+    Expander<T>, 
+    IPush<long, T>,
+    IToArray<T>
 {
-    public StackRegister(int initialCapacity = 0x10)
+    public PushStack(int initialCapacity = 0x10)
     {
         Data = new T[initialCapacity];
     }
@@ -15,20 +22,22 @@ public class StackRegister<T> : Expander<T>, IToArray<T>
         return default;
     }
 
-    public void Add(T[] array)
+    public void Push(T[] array)
     {
         foreach (T value in array) {
             Add(value);
         }
     }
 
-    public void Add(IEnumerable<T> array)
+    public void Push(IEnumerable<T> array)
     {
         foreach (T value in array) {
             Add(value);
         }
     }
 
+    public long Push(T value) => Add(value);
+
     public bool TryGet(long index, out T value)
     {
         value = default;

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Collections/Register.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
-namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+using System.Collections;
 
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     Dictionary wrapper implementing <see cref="IGetSet{TKey, TValue}"/>.
+/// </summary>
 public class Register<TKey, TValue> : 
-    IGetSet<TKey, TValue>
+    IGetSet<TKey, TValue>,
+    IToArray<TValue>,
+    IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>
     where TKey : notnull
 {
     private readonly Dictionary<TKey, TValue> _data = new();
@@ -19,7 +26,21 @@ public class Register<TKey, TValue> :
         return key;
     }
 
+    public bool TryGet(TKey key, out TValue? value) => _data.TryGetValue(key, out value);
     public TValue Get(TKey key) => _data[key];
     public void Set(TKey key, TValue value) => _data[key] = value;
     public bool Has(TKey key) => _data.ContainsKey(key);
+
+    public TValue[] ToArray() => _data.Values.ToArray();
+
+    public IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        foreach (var item in _data)
+            yield return item;
+    }
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        return GetEnumerator();
+    }
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Collections/StackLike.cs

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
 
+/// <summary>
+///     Stack-like implementation with a few added features like seeking and setting values.
+/// </summary>
+/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
 public class StackLike<T> : Expander<T>,
     IPush<long, T>,
     IPop<T>,
     ISeekable<long, T>,
-    IPeekable<T>
+    IPeekable<T>,
+    IToArray<T>
 {
     public long Position => Count;
 
@@ -39,4 +44,14 @@ public class StackLike<T> : Expander<T>,
 
     public bool CanPeek(int delta = 0) 
         => Count + delta > -1 && Count + delta < Count;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Decimates this stack down to the given position, overwriting everything beyond that when pushing in the future.
+    /// </summary>
+    public void Decimate(long position)
+    {
+        Count = position;
+    }
+
+    public T[] ToArray() => Data.ToArray();
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Compilation/Builders/Builder.cs

@@ -4,10 +4,15 @@ namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Compilation.Builders;
 
 public class Builder
 {
-    public Builder? Outer;
+    public Builder? Outer { get; init; }
     public FunctionBuilder Function = new();
 
     public StackLike<Local> Locals = [];
     public StackLike<Outer> Outers = [];
     public int ScopeDepth = 0;
+
+    public Builder(Builder? outer = null)
+    {
+        Outer = outer;
+    }
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Compilation/Builders/IBuilder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Compilation.Builders;
+
+public interface IBuilder<TOut>
+{
+    public TOut Build();
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Compilation/Builders/SegmentBuilder.cs

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
 
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Compilation.Builders;
 
-public readonly struct SegmentBuilder() : IDebug<string>
+public class SegmentBuilder() : IBuilder<Segment>, IDebug<string>
 {
-    public readonly StackRegister<Instruction> Instructions = new();
+    public readonly PushStack<Instruction> Instructions = new();
-    public readonly StackRegister<Value> Constants = new();
+    public readonly PushStack<Value> Constants = new();
 
     public Segment Build()
     {

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Compilation/Digester.cs

@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ public class DigesterProvider
     public object ExpressionDigester; // etc.
 }
 
+public abstract class xDigester
+{
+
+}
+
 public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
 {
     private readonly CompilerState _compiler;
@@ -105,7 +110,7 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
     {
         Emit(Op.Return);
         Function function = Builder.Function.Build();
-        Builder = Builder.Outer!;
+        Builder = Builder.Outer;
         return function;
     }
 
@@ -114,8 +119,8 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         _logger.Method();
         if      (Match(T.Class))    DeclareClass();
         else if (Match(T.Function)) DeclareFunction();
-        else if (Match(T.Var)) DeclareVariable();
+        else if (Match(T.Var))      DeclareVariable();
-        else Statement();
+        else                        Statement();
     }
 
     internal void Statement()
@@ -129,15 +134,19 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         else if (Match(T.Return))       Return();
         else if (Match(T.TypeOf))       TypeOf();
         else if (Match(T.Print))        Print();
+        else if (Match(T.PrintStack))   PrintStack();
+        else if (Match(T.PrintGlobals)) PrintGlobals();
+        else if (Match(T.PrintExpr))    PrintExpr();
         else if (Match(T.Export))       Export();
         else if (Match(T.Import))       Import();
         else if (Match(T.ContextOpen))  Context();
-        else                            StatementExpression();
+        else                            Expression();
     }
 
-    internal void StatementExpression()
+    internal void Expression()
     {
-        Expression();
+        _logger.Method();
+        ParseExpression();
         Consume(T.Semicolon, "Expected ';' after statement");
         Emit(Op.Pop); // in an expression statement, we definitely do not want to remain the value on stack,
                       // as it would fuck over the entire stack for the rest of the execution.
@@ -146,7 +155,7 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
                       // a tad bit older me: it's a terrible idea as return a = b; wouldn't work anymore
     }
 
-    internal void Expression() => WeightedDigest(Weight.Assign);
+    internal void ParseExpression() => WeightedDigest(Weight.Assign);
 
     internal void Context()
     {
@@ -221,7 +230,7 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         ExpressionParser.Variable(this, name, false);
         Consume(T.ContextOpen, "Expected '{' for class body declaration.", false);
         while (!Check(T.ContextClose) && !Check(T.Eof))
-            DeclareMethod();
+            DeclareMember();
 
         Consume(T.ContextClose, "Expected '}' to end class body declaration.", false);
         Emit(Op.Pop);
@@ -241,8 +250,9 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         DefineVariable(global);
     }
 
-    internal void DeclareMethod()
+    internal void DeclareMember()
     {
+        // todo: only methods allowed atm, add fields and shit too
         _logger.Method();
         Consume(T.Identifier, "Expected method name.", false);
         long identifier = IdentifierConstant(Previous.Value!);
@@ -258,7 +268,7 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         _logger.Method();
         long global = ParseVariable();
         if (Match(T.Equal))
-            Expression();
+            ParseExpression();
         else 
             Emit(Op.Null);
         Consume(T.Semicolon, "missing ; after variable declaration");
@@ -279,7 +289,7 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
     {
         _logger.Method();
         Consume(T.GroupOpen, "Expected '(' after if");
-        Expression();
+        ParseExpression();
         Consume(T.GroupClose, "Expected ')' after condition");
 
         long then = EmitJump(Op.JumpIfFalse);
@@ -308,7 +318,7 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         _logger.Method();
         long start = Function.CurrentInstruction;
         Consume(T.GroupOpen, "Expected while condition to be placed inside parentheses. Missing '('.", false);
-        Expression();
+        ParseExpression();
         Consume(T.GroupClose, "Expected while condition to be placed inside parentheses. Missing ')'.", false);
         long exit = EmitJump(Op.JumpIfFalse);
         Emit(Op.Pop);
@@ -335,13 +345,13 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         } else if (Match(T.Var)) {
             DeclareVariable();
         } else {
-            StatementExpression();
+            Expression();
         }
 
         long start = Function.CurrentInstruction;
         long exit = -1;
         if (!Match(T.Semicolon)) {
-            Expression();
+            ParseExpression();
             Consume(T.Semicolon, "Expected ';' after condition");
             exit = EmitJump(Op.JumpIfFalse);
             Emit(Op.Pop);
@@ -350,7 +360,7 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         if (!Match(T.GroupClose)) {
             long body = EmitJump(Op.Jump);
             long increment = Function.Segment.Instructions.Count;
-            Expression();
+            ParseExpression();
             Emit(Op.Pop);
             Consume(T.GroupClose, "Expected ')' after for clause");
 
@@ -378,15 +388,36 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
     internal void Print()
     {
         _logger.Method();
-        Expression();
+        ParseExpression();
         Consume(T.Semicolon, "Expected ';' after print call.");
         Emit(Op.Print);
     }
 
+    internal void PrintGlobals()
+    {
+        _logger.Method();
+        Consume(T.Semicolon, "Expected ';' after print call.");
+        Emit(Op.PrintGlobals);
+    }
+
+    internal void PrintStack()
+    {
+        _logger.Method();
+        Consume(T.Semicolon, "Expected ';' after print call.");
+        Emit(Op.PrintStack);
+    }
+
+    internal void PrintExpr()
+    {
+        _logger.Method();
+        Consume(T.Semicolon, "Expected ';' after print call.");
+        Emit(Op.PrintExpr);
+    }
+
     internal void TypeOf()
     {
         _logger.Method();
-        Expression();
+        ParseExpression();
         Emit(Op.Typeof);
     }
 
@@ -403,10 +434,10 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         while (Builder.Locals.Count > 0 &&
                Builder.Locals.Peek().Depth > Builder.ScopeDepth) {
             if (Builder.Locals.Peek().IsCaptured) {
-                Emit(OpCode.CloseUpvalue);
+                Emit(Op.CloseOuter);
             } else {
-                Emit(OpCode.Pop);
+                Emit(Op.Pop);
-            }                                                                                                                                                                                                        
+            }
             Builder.Locals.Pop();
         }
     }
@@ -425,17 +456,16 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
                 DefineVariable(ParseVariable());
             } while (Match(T.Comma));
         }
-
         Consume(T.GroupClose, "Expected ')' after argument list.");
         Consume(T.ContextOpen, "Expected function body");
         Block();
         Function function = FinishBuilder();
-        Emit(Op.Closure);
+        Emit(Op.Context);
-        Emit(MakeConstant(Obj.Create(function)));
+        EmitDynamic(MakeConstant(Obj.Create(function)));
         for (int i = 0; i < function.OuterCount; i++) {
             Outer outer = next.Outers.Get(i);
             Emit(outer.IsLocal ? 1 : 0);
-            Emit(outer.Index);
+            EmitDynamic(outer.Index);
         }
     }
 
@@ -551,12 +581,12 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
         }
     }
 
-    internal byte ArgumentList()
+    internal byte Arguments()
     {
         byte count = 0;
         if (!Check(T.GroupClose)) {
             do {
-                Expression();
+                ParseExpression();
                 if (count++ >= 0xFF)
                     ErrorAtCurrent("How many arguments do you need?");
             } while (Match(T.Comma));
@@ -621,7 +651,8 @@ public class Digester : ISteppable<Token>
     /// </summary>
     internal void EmitDynamic(byte[] data)
     {
-        Emit((byte)(data.Length | 0x80));
+        if (data.Length > 1)
+            Emit((byte)(data.Length | 0x80)); // 0x80 flag for length marker, anything else is direct value
         Emit(data);
     }
 

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Compilation/ExpressionParser.cs

@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
 
     static void Call(Digester digester, bool canAssign)
     {
-        byte count = digester.ArgumentList();
+        byte count = digester.Arguments();
-        digester.Emit(OpCode.Call, count);
+        digester.Emit(OpCode.Invoke, count);
     }
 
     static void Dot(Digester digester, bool canAssign)
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
         long name = digester.IdentifierConstant(digester.Previous.Value);
 
         if (canAssign && digester.Match(TokenType.Equal)) {
-            digester.Expression();
+            digester.ParseExpression();
-            digester.EmitDynamic(OpCode.SetProperty, name);
+            digester.EmitDynamic(OpCode.SetMember, name);
         } else if (digester.Match(TokenType.GroupOpen)) {
-            Byte argCount = 0; //argumentList();
+            byte argCount = digester.Arguments();
-            digester.Emit(OpCode.Invoke, name.GetBytes());
+            digester.EmitDynamic(OpCode.InvokeMember, name);
-            digester.EmitDynamic(argCount);
+            digester.Emit(argCount);
         } else {
-            digester.EmitDynamic(OpCode.GetProperty, name);
+            digester.EmitDynamic(OpCode.GetMember, name);
         }
     }
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
 
     static void Group(Digester digester, bool canAssign)
     {
-        digester.Expression();
+        digester.ParseExpression();
         digester.Consume(TokenType.GroupClose, "Expected ')' after expression.");
     }
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
     {
         int length = 0;
         while (!digester.Check(TokenType.ArrayClose)) {
-            digester.Expression();
+            digester.ParseExpression();
             length++;
             if (digester.Check(TokenType.Comma))
                 digester.Next();
@@ -113,19 +113,19 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
 
     static void ArrayAdd(Digester digester, bool canAssign)
     {
-        digester.Expression();
+        digester.ParseExpression();
         digester.Emit(OpCode.ArrayAdd);
     }
 
     static void Index(Digester digester, bool canAssign)
     {
-        digester.Expression();
+        digester.ParseExpression();
         digester.Consume(TokenType.ArrayClose, "expected ] after array accessor");
         if (canAssign && digester.Match(TokenType.ArrayAdd)) {
-            digester.Expression();
+            digester.ParseExpression();
             digester.Emit(OpCode.ArrayAdd);
         } else if (canAssign && digester.Match(TokenType.Equal)) {
-            digester.Expression();
+            digester.ParseExpression();
             digester.Emit(OpCode.ArraySet);
         } else {
             digester.Emit(OpCode.ArrayGet);
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
         }
 
         if (canAssign && digester.Match(TokenType.Equal)) {
-            digester.Expression();
+            digester.ParseExpression();
             digester.Emit(Set);
             digester.EmitDynamic(variable);
         } else {
@@ -211,9 +211,9 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
             Variable(digester, "this", false);
             if (digester.Match(TokenType.GroupOpen))
             {
-                byte arguments = digester.ArgumentList();
+                byte arguments = digester.Arguments();
                 Variable(digester, "base", false);
-                digester.Emit(OpCode.BaseCall);
+                digester.Emit(OpCode.InvokeBase);
                 digester.Emit(arguments);
             } else {
                 Variable(digester, "base", false);
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ public static class ExpressionParser
         _rules[TokenType.Export]          = new Rule(null,      null,   Weight.None);
         _rules[TokenType.Import]          = new Rule(null,      null,   Weight.None);
         _rules[TokenType.Return]          = new Rule(null,      null,   Weight.None);
-        _rules[TokenType.Super]           = new Rule(Base,      null,   Weight.None);
+        _rules[TokenType.Base]           = new Rule(Base,      null,   Weight.None);
         _rules[TokenType.This]            = new Rule(This,      null,   Weight.None);
         _rules[TokenType.True]            = new Rule(Literal,   null,   Weight.None);
         _rules[TokenType.Var]             = new Rule(null,      null,   Weight.None);

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Exceptions.cs

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Tokenization;
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
 
-using V = Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.ValueType;
-
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core;
 
-public class QampException(string message, TokenPosition position = default) 
+public class QampException(string message, object? context = null) 
     : Exception(message)
 {
-    public readonly TokenPosition Position = position;
+    public readonly object? Context = context;
 }
 
 public class ReaderException(string message, IReader<Token> reader)
@@ -23,14 +21,14 @@ public class TokenException(string message, IReader<Token> reader, Token token)
     public readonly Token Token = token;
 }
 
-public class ExecutionException(string message, TokenPosition position = default)
+public class RuntimeException(string message, object? context = null)
-    : QampException(message, position);
+    : QampException(message, context);
 
-public class DivisionByZeroException(string? message, TokenPosition position = default)
+public class DivisionByZeroException(string? message, object? context = null)
-    : ExecutionException(message ?? "Can not divide by zero", position); 
+    : RuntimeException(message ?? "Can not divide by zero", context); 
 
-public class ConversionException(string message, Value value, TokenPosition position = default)
+public class ConversionException(string message, Value value, object? context = null)
-    : ExecutionException(message, position)
+    : RuntimeException(message, context)
 {
     public readonly Value Value = value;
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Execution/InstructionPtr.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
+using String = Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects.String;
+
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Execution;
+
+public class InstructionPtr : Pointer<Instruction>
+{
+    public Segment Segment;
+
+    public Instruction Instruction => Segment.Instructions[Ptr];
+
+    public InstructionPtr(Segment segment, int position = 0) : base(segment.Instructions, position)
+    {
+        Segment = segment;
+    }
+
+    public long NextLong()
+    {
+        long value = Segment.ReadLong(Ptr);
+        Ptr += sizeof(long);
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public Value NextConstant()
+    {
+        return Segment.Constants[NextDynamic()];
+    }
+
+    public String NextString()
+    {
+        Value value = NextConstant();
+        if (value.IsString)
+            return value.Ptr.As<String>()!;
+        throw new Exception($"Expected string, got {value}");
+    }
+
+    public long NextDynamic()
+    {
+        var result = Segment.ReadDynamic(Ptr, out int read);
+        Ptr += read;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public String? GetStringConstant(long offset) 
+        => Segment.Constants[offset].Ptr.Value as String;
+
+    public static Instruction operator +(InstructionPtr ptr, int value) 
+        => ptr.Segment.Instructions[ptr.Ptr + value];
+
+    public static Instruction operator -(InstructionPtr ptr, int value) 
+        => ptr.Segment.Instructions[ptr.Ptr - value];
+
+    public static InstructionPtr operator ++(InstructionPtr ptr)
+    {
+        ptr.Ptr++;
+        return ptr;
+    }
+
+    public static InstructionPtr operator --(InstructionPtr ptr)
+    {
+        ptr.Ptr--;
+        return ptr;
+    }
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Execution/OpCode.cs

@@ -2,62 +2,87 @@
 
 public enum OpCode
 {
-    None = 0,
+    F_Mask          = 0xF0,
-    Constant,
+
-    Null,
+    None            = 0x00,
-    True,
+    Constant        = 0x01,
-    False,
+    Null            = 0x02,
-    Pop,
+    Pop             = 0x03,
-    Export,
+    Cast            = 0x04,
-    Import,
+
-    GetLocal,
+    False           = 0x0e,
-    SetLocal,
+    True            = 0x0f,
-    GetGlobal,
+
-    DefineGlobal,
+    Val             = 0x10,
-    SetGlobal,
+    Ref             = 0x11,
-    GetOuter,
+
-    SetOuter,
+    SetGlobal       = 0x20,
-    GetProperty,
+    GetGlobal       = 0x21,
-    SetProperty,
+    GetLocal        = 0x22,
-    Property,
+    SetLocal        = 0x23,
-    Base,
+    GetOuter        = 0x24,
-    Equal,
+    SetOuter        = 0x25,
-    Greater,
+    GetMember       = 0x26,
-    Less,
+    SetMember       = 0x27,
-    Add,
+
-    Subtract,
+    DefineGlobal    = 0x30,
-    Multiply,
+    CloseOuter      = 0x31,
-    Divide,
+
-    Modulo,
+    AssignValue     = 0x40, // unsure
-    BitwiseAnd,
+    AssignReference = 0x41, // unsure
-    BitwiseOr,
+
-    BitwiseXor,
+    F_Operation     = 0x60, 
-    BitwiseNot,
+    Add             = 0x60,
-    BitwiseLeft,
+    Subtract        = 0x61,
-    BitwiseRight,
+    Multiply        = 0x62,
-    Increment,
+    Divide          = 0x63,
-    Decrement,
+    Modulo          = 0x64,
-    Not,
+    BitwiseAnd      = 0x65,
-    Negate,
+    BitwiseOr       = 0x66,
-    Ref,
+    BitwiseXor      = 0x67,
-    Array,
+    BitwiseLeft     = 0x68,
-    ArrayGet,
+    BitwiseRight    = 0x69,
-    ArraySet,
+    F_Unary         = 0x0a,
-    ArrayAdd,
+    Not             = 0x6a,
-    ArrayRemove,
+    Negate          = 0x6b,
-    Print,
+    BitwiseNot      = 0x6c,
-    PrintExpr,
+
-    Typeof,
+    F_Compare       = 0x50,
-    Jump,
+    Equal           = 0x50,
-    JumpIfFalse,
+    Greater         = 0x51,
-    Loop,
+    Less            = 0x52,
-    Call,
+
-    Invoke,
+    Increment       = 0x70,
-    BaseCall,
+    Decrement       = 0x71,
-    Closure,
+
-    CloseUpvalue,
+    Array           = 0xc0,
-    Return,
+    ArrayGet        = 0xc1,
-    Class,
+    ArraySet        = 0xc2,
-    Inherit,
+    ArrayAdd        = 0xc3,
-    Method
+    ArrayRemove     = 0xc4,
+
+    Return          = 0x80,
+    Jump            = 0x81,
+    JumpIfFalse     = 0x82,
+    Loop            = 0x83,
+    Invoke          = 0x84,
+    InvokeBase      = 0x85,
+    InvokeMember    = 0x86,
+    Context         = 0x87,
+
+    Class           = 0xa0,
+    Member          = 0xa1,
+    Base            = 0xa2,
+    Inherit         = 0xa3,
+    Method          = 0xa4,
+    Static          = 0xa5,
+
+    Print           = 0xe0,
+    PrintStack      = 0xe1,
+    PrintGlobals    = 0xe2,
+    PrintExpr       = 0xe3,
+    Typeof          = 0xef,
+
+    Export          = 0xfe, // probably shouldnt be an op code but rather be done during digestion
+    Import          = 0xff, // probably shouldnt be an op code but rather be done during digestion
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Execution/Runner.cs

@@ -1,165 +1,47 @@
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
-using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Compilation;
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Logging;
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Tokenization;
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
+using System.Xml.Linq;
 using String = Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects.String;
 
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Execution;
 
 using Op = OpCode;
-
+using T = Values.ValueType;
-/* 
- * Todo: 
- *       - Make Digester OOP-ish
- *          - inherit from a base digester that has the continouus stack / reader references as protected information
- *          - one digester for every job area (Loops, Functions, Variables, etc.)
- *          - time is not as essential here as I want to have the executables pre-compiled to OpCodes anyway
- *       - Think of a cleaner way to handle Obj (Pointers specifically)
- *       - Finish runner
- *          - add interpretation for all remaining op codes
- *          - make variable operations faster with optimized inline lambda expressions
- *          - better debugging for the instruction set
- *       - Add classic sqript dialect
- *       - Fix console "IDE"
- *       - Split Runner, Digester and Core into separate projects
- */
-
-/// <summary>
-///     Dynamic Pointer able to point to any object implementing the <see cref="IGetSet{long, TValue}"/> interface. 
-/// </summary>
-public class Pointer<T>
-{
-    protected IGetSet<long, T> Target;
-    public long Ptr;
-
-    public Pointer(IGetSet<long, T> target, long pointer = 0)
-    {
-        Target = target;
-        Ptr = pointer;
-    }
-
-    /// <summary>
-    ///     Returns the next item from <see cref="Target"/> and increases the pointer by 1.
-    /// </summary>
-    public T Next() => Target.Get(Ptr++);
-
-    /// <summary>
-    ///     Sets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at <paramref name="position"/>. 
-    /// </summary>
-    public void Set(long position, T value) => Target.Set(position, value);
-
-    /// <summary>
-    ///     Sets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at the current <see cref="Ptr"/> location. 
-    /// </summary>
-    public void Set(T value) => Set(Ptr, value);
-
-    /// <summary>
-    ///     Gets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at <paramref name="position"/>. 
-    /// </summary>
-    public T Get(long position) => Target.Get(position);
-
-    /// <summary>
-    ///     Gets the value of <see cref="Target"/> at the current <see cref="Ptr"/> location. 
-    /// </summary>
-    public T Get() => Get(Ptr);
-}
-
-// this is all a bit cheesy imho
-public class InstructionPtr : Pointer<Instruction>
-{
-    public Segment Segment;
-
-    public InstructionPtr(Segment segment, int position = 0) : base(segment.Instructions, position)
-    {
-        Segment = segment;
-    }
-
-    public long NextLong()
-    {
-        long value = Segment.ReadLong(Ptr);
-        Ptr += sizeof(long);
-        return value;
-    }
-
-    public Value NextConstant()
-    {
-        return Segment.Constants[NextDynamic()];
-    }
-
-    public long NextDynamic()
-    {
-        int length = Segment.Read(Ptr) ^ 0x80;
-        Ptr++;
-        byte[] data = new byte[8];
-        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)        
-            data[i] = Segment.Read(Ptr++);
-        return data.ToInt64();
-    }
-
-
-    public String? GetStringConstant(long offset)
-    {
-        return Segment.Constants[offset].Ptr.Value as String;
-    }
-
-    public Instruction Instruction => Segment.Instructions[Ptr];
-
-    public static Instruction operator +(InstructionPtr ptr, int value) 
-        => ptr.Segment.Instructions[ptr.Ptr + value];
-
-    public static Instruction operator -(InstructionPtr ptr, int value) 
-        => ptr.Segment.Instructions[ptr.Ptr - value];
-
-    public static InstructionPtr operator ++(InstructionPtr ptr)
-    {
-        ptr.Ptr++;
-        return ptr;
-    }
-
-    public static InstructionPtr operator --(InstructionPtr ptr)
-    {
-        ptr.Ptr--;
-        return ptr;
-    }
-}
 
 public class Call
 {
-    public Closure Closure;
+    public Context Context;
     public InstructionPtr Instruction;
     public Pointer<Value> StackPtr;
 
-    public Call(Closure closure, StackLike<Value> stack, long stackOffset)
+    public Call(Context context, StackLike<Value> stack, long stackOffset)
     {
-        Closure = closure;
+        Context = context;
-        Instruction = new InstructionPtr(Closure.Function.Segment);
+        Instruction = new InstructionPtr(Context.Function.Segment);
         StackPtr = new Pointer<Value>(stack, stackOffset);
     }
 }
 
-public unsafe class OuterWrapper
-{
-    public Value* Target;
-    public Value Stored;
-}
-
 public class Runner : IDisposable 
 {
     private readonly ILogger _logger = LoggerService.Get<Runner>();
 
     public readonly Options Options;
 
-    public StackLike<Call> Calls;
+    private StackLike<Call> Calls;
 
     // todo: maybe have a pointer everywhere to stacks or arrays and use those rather than built-in pointers or cursors... ?
-    public StackLike<Value> Stack;
+    private StackLike<Value> Stack;
-    public long Cursor;
+    private long Cursor => Stack.Position;
 
-    public Register<string, Value> Globals = new Register<string, Value>();
+    private List<Outer> Outers = [];
-    public Register<string, Value> Imports = new Register<string, Value>();
+
-    public Register<string, Value> Exports = new Register<string, Value>();
+    private Register<string, Value> Globals = new();
+    private Register<string, Value> Imports = new();
+    private Register<string, Value> Exports = new();
 
     public Runner(Options options)
     {
@@ -172,39 +54,74 @@ public class Runner : IDisposable
     {
         _logger.Method();
         using Reader reader = new Reader(stream);
-        Digester digester = new Digester(reader);
+        Compilation.Digester digester = new(reader);
         Function function = digester.Digest();
         File.WriteAllBytes("func.sqi", function.Segment.Serialize());
-        Closure closure = new Closure(function);
+        Context closure = new Context(function);
         Push(Obj.Create(closure));
-        Call(closure, 0);
+        Invoke(closure, 0);
-        return Interpret();
+        return Execute();
     }
 
-    private ExecutionResult Interpret()
+    private bool TestFlag(Op code, Op flag) => (code & Op.F_Mask) == flag;
+
+    private ExecutionResult Execute()
     {
         _logger.Method();
         Call call = Calls.Peek(-1);
         do {
             Op opCode = call.Instruction.Next();
             _logger.Verbose($"OpCode: {opCode}");
-            switch (opCode) {
-                case Op.Constant: Push(call.Instruction.NextConstant()); break;
-                case Op.Pop: Pop(); break;
 
-                case Op.Not: OpNot(); break;
+            if (TestFlag(opCode, Op.F_Operation)) {
-                case Op.Add: OpAdd(); break;
+                Value result = ValueOperation.Resolve(PopOperation(opCode));
-                case Op.Subtract: OpSubtract(); break;
+                Push(result);
-                case Op.Divide: OpDivide(); break;
+                continue;
-                case Op.Modulo: OpModulo(); break;
+            }
-                case Op.Multiply: OpMultiply(); break;
+
-                case Op.Negate: OpNegate(); break;
+            if (TestFlag(opCode, Op.F_Compare)) {
-                case Op.BitwiseOr: OpBitwiseOr(); break;  
+                Value result = ValueOperation.Resolve(PopOperation(opCode));
-                case Op.BitwiseAnd: OpBitwiseAnd(); break;
+                Push(result);
-                case Op.BitwiseXor: OpBitwiseXor(); break;
+                continue;
-                case Op.BitwiseNot: OpBitwiseNot(); break;
+            }
-                case Op.BitwiseLeft: OpBitwiseLeft(); break;
+
-                case Op.BitwiseRight: OpBitwiseRight(); break;
+            switch (opCode) {
+                case Op.Constant:   Push(call.Instruction.NextConstant()); break;
+                case Op.Pop:        Pop(); break;
+                case Op.True:       Push(Value.True); break;
+                case Op.False:      Push(Value.False); break;
+
+                case Op.GetGlobal: {
+                    string? name = call.Instruction.GetStringConstant(call.Instruction.NextDynamic())?.Value;
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
+                        throw new RuntimeException($"tried to set global variable with empty name");
+                    if (!Globals.Has(name))
+                        Push(Value.Void);
+                    else
+                        Push(Globals[name]);
+                    _logger.Verbose($"got global {name} ({Peek()})");
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.SetGlobal: {
+                    string? name = call.Instruction.GetStringConstant(call.Instruction.NextDynamic())?.Value;
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
+                        throw new RuntimeException($"tried to set global variable with empty name");
+                    if (!Globals.Has(name))
+                        throw new RuntimeException($"tried to set a value of non-existing global variable");
+                    Globals[name] = Pop();
+                    _logger.Verbose($"set global {name} = {Globals[name]}");
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.DefineGlobal: {
+                    string? name = call.Instruction.GetStringConstant(call.Instruction.NextDynamic())?.Value;
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
+                        throw new RuntimeException($"tried to define global variable with empty name");
+                    Globals[name] = Pop();
+                    _logger.Verbose($"defined global {name} as {Globals[name]}");
+                    break;
+                }
 
                 case Op.GetLocal: {
                     long slot = call.Instruction.NextDynamic();
@@ -220,38 +137,158 @@ public class Runner : IDisposable
                     break;
                 }
 
-                case Op.DefineGlobal: {
+                case Op.GetOuter: {
-                    string? name = call.Instruction.GetStringConstant(call.Instruction.NextDynamic())?.Value;
+                    long slot = call.Instruction.NextDynamic();
-                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
+                    Push(call.Context.Outers[slot].Value);
-                        throw new ExecutionException($"tried to define global variable with empty name");
-                    Globals[name] = Pop();
-                    _logger.Verbose($"defined global {name} as {Globals[name]}");
                     break;
                 }
 
-                case Op.SetGlobal: {
+                case Op.SetOuter: {
-                    string? name = call.Instruction.GetStringConstant(call.Instruction.NextDynamic())?.Value;
+                    long slot = call.Instruction.NextDynamic();
-                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
+                    call.Context.Outers[slot].Value = Peek();
-                        throw new ExecutionException($"tried to set global variable with empty name");
-                    if (!Globals.Has(name))
-                        throw new ExecutionException($"tried to set a value of non-existing global variable");
-                    Globals[name] = Pop();
-                    _logger.Verbose($"set global {name} = {Globals[name]}");
                     break;
                 }
 
-                case Op.GetGlobal: {
+                case Op.GetMember: {
-                    string? name = call.Instruction.GetStringConstant(call.Instruction.NextDynamic())?.Value;
+                    Value value = Peek();
-                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
+                    if (!value.Is(T.Instance))
-                        throw new ExecutionException($"tried to set global variable with empty name");
+                        return Error("Only instances have members.");
-                    if (!Globals.Has(name))
+                    Instance instance = value.Ptr.As<Instance>()!;
-                        Push(Value.Void);
+                    string name = call.Instruction.NextString().Value!;
-                    else
+                    if (instance.Values.TryGet(name, out Value member)) {
-                        Push(Globals[name]);
+                        Pop(); // remove instance from stack
-                    _logger.Verbose($"got global {name} ({Peek()})");
+                        Push(member);
+                    } else if (!BindMethod(instance.Class, name)) {
+                        return Error($"Could not bind member {name} to instance {instance} of class {instance.Class.Name}!");
+                    }
+
                     break;
                 }
 
+                case Op.SetMember: {
+                    Value value = Peek(-2);
+                    if (!value.Is(T.Instance))
+                        return Error("Only instances have members.");
+                    Instance instance = value.Ptr.As<Instance>()!;
+                    string name = call.Instruction.NextString().Value!;
+                    instance.Values.Set(name, Peek());
+                    Value move = Pop();
+                    Pop(); // remove instance from stack
+                    Push(move);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Base: {
+                    string name = call.Instruction.NextString().Value!;
+                    Class @class = Pop().Ptr.As<Class>()!;
+                    if (!BindMethod(@class, name))
+                        return Error($"Could not bind member {name} to base class {@class.Name}");
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Jump: {
+                    long delta = call.Instruction.NextLong();
+                    call.Instruction.Ptr += delta;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.JumpIfFalse: {
+                    long delta = call.Instruction.NextLong();
+                    if (Peek(0).IsFalsy)
+                        call.Instruction.Ptr += delta;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Loop: {
+                    long delta = call.Instruction.NextLong();
+                    call.Instruction.Ptr -= delta;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Invoke: {
+                    byte count = call.Instruction.Next();
+                    if (!Invoke(Peek(-(count + 1)), count))
+                        return Error($"Could not invoke function.");
+                    call = Calls.Peek();
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.InvokeMember: {
+                    string name = call.Instruction.NextString().Value!;
+                    byte argumentCount = call.Instruction.Next();
+                    if (!Invoke(name, argumentCount))
+                        return Error($"Could not invoke member {name}.");
+                    call = Calls.Peek();
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.InvokeBase: {
+                    string name = call.Instruction.NextString().Value!;
+                    byte argumentCount = call.Instruction.Next();
+                    Class @class = Pop().Ptr.As<Class>()!;
+                    if (!Invoke(@class, name, argumentCount))
+                        return Error($"Could not invoke member {name} of base class {@class.Name}!");
+                    call = Calls.Peek();
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Context: {
+                    Function function = call.Instruction.NextConstant().Ptr.As<Function>()!;
+                    Context context = new Context(function);
+                    Push(Obj.Create(context));
+                    for (int i = 0; i < context.Function.OuterCount; i++) {
+                        Outer outer = context.Outers[i];
+                        bool isLocal = call.Instruction.Next() == 1;
+                        long index = call.Instruction.NextDynamic();
+                        if (isLocal)
+                            context.Outers.Add(CaptureOuter(call.StackPtr.Branch(index)));
+                        else
+                            context.Outers.Add(call.Context.Outers[index]);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.CloseOuter: {
+                    CloseOuters(new Pointer<Value>(Stack, Cursor));
+                    Pop();
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Return: // todo: not done
+                    Value result = Pop();
+                    CloseOuters(call.StackPtr.Branch());
+                    Calls.Pop();
+                    if (Calls.Count == 0) {
+                        Pop();
+                        return ExecutionResult.OK;
+                    }
+                    Stack.Decimate(call.StackPtr.Ptr);
+                    Push(result);
+                    call = Calls.Peek();
+                    break;
+
+                case Op.Class: {
+                    Push(Obj.Create(new Class(call.Instruction.NextString().Value!)));
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Inherit: {
+                    Value @class = Peek(-2);
+                    if (!@class.Is(T.Class))
+                        return Error($"Can not inherit from {@class}, value must be of type Class.");
+                    Class baseClass = @class.Ptr.As<Class>()!;
+                    Class inheritingClass = Peek().Ptr.As<Class>()!;
+                    foreach (var member in baseClass.Members) {
+                        if (!inheritingClass.Members.Has(member.Key))
+                            inheritingClass.Members.Add(member.Key, member.Value);
+                    }
+                    Pop(); // 
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.Method:
+                    DefineMember(call.Instruction.NextString().Value!);
+                    break;
 
                 case Op.Typeof: {
                     Value value = Pop();
@@ -265,17 +302,22 @@ public class Runner : IDisposable
                     break;
                 }
 
-                case Op.Return: // todo: not done
+                case Op.PrintStack: {
-                    Value result = Pop();
+                    for (int i = 0; i < Cursor; i++) {
-                    Calls.Pop();
+                        Console.WriteLine($"{Stack[i].ToString(true)}");
-                    if (Calls.Count == 0) {
-                        Pop();
-                        return ExecutionResult.OK;
                     }
-                    Cursor = call.StackPtr.Ptr; // well find a better way...
-                    Push(result);
-                    call = Calls.Peek();
                     break;
+                }
+
+                case Op.PrintGlobals: {
+                    foreach (var value in Globals) {
+                        Console.WriteLine($"{value.Key}: {value.Value.ToString(true)}");
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                default:
+                    return Error($"Unexpected or not yet supported OpCode {opCode}!");
             }
 
         } while (call.Instruction.Segment.Instructions.Length > call.Instruction.Ptr);
@@ -283,7 +325,34 @@ public class Runner : IDisposable
         return ExecutionResult.OK;
     }
 
-    private bool Call(Closure closure, int argumentCount)
+    private Outer CaptureOuter(Pointer<Value> target)
+    {
+        Outer? outer = null;
+        for (int i = Outers.Count; i-->0;) {
+            outer = Outers[i];
+            if (outer.Target.Ptr <= target.Ptr)
+                break;
+        }
+
+        if (outer != null && outer.Target.Ptr == target.Ptr)
+            return outer;
+
+        return new Outer(target);
+    }
+
+    private void CloseOuters(Pointer<Value> last)
+    {
+        for (int i = Outers.Count;i-->0;) {
+            Outer outer = Outers[i];
+            if (outer.IsClosed)
+                continue;
+            if (outer.Target.Ptr < last.Ptr)
+                return;
+            outer.Close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private bool Invoke(Context closure, int argumentCount)
     {
         _logger.Method();
         if (argumentCount != closure.Function.ArgumentCount)
@@ -297,6 +366,90 @@ public class Runner : IDisposable
         return true;
     }
 
+    private bool Invoke(string methodName, int argumentCount)
+    {
+        Value value = Peek(-argumentCount);
+        if (!value.Is(T.Instance)) {
+            Error($"Can not call {methodName} on value of {value}");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        Instance instance = value.Ptr.As<Instance>()!;
+        if (instance.Values.TryGet(methodName, out Value method))
+            return Invoke(method, argumentCount);
+        
+        return Invoke(instance.Class, methodName, argumentCount);
+    }
+
+    private bool Invoke(Class @class, string methodName, int argumentCount)
+    {
+        if (@class.Members.TryGet(methodName, out Value method))
+            return Invoke(method, argumentCount);
+        Error($"Could not call method {methodName} on class {@class.Name}: Member does not exist");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private bool Invoke(Value value, int argumentCount)
+    {
+        if (!value.IsObj) {
+            Error($"Can only call values of object type! Tried to call {value.ToString(true)}", value);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (value.Is(T.Method)) {
+            Method method = value.Ptr.As<Method>()!;
+            Stack.Set(Cursor - method.Function.ArgumentCount - 1, method.Receiver);
+            return Invoke(method, method.Function.ArgumentCount);
+        } else if (value.Is(T.Context)) {
+            Context? context = value.Ptr.As<Context>()!;
+            return Invoke(context, context.Function.ArgumentCount);
+        } else if (value.Is(T.Native)) {
+            throw new NotImplementedException("i dont really want globals in this language so lets see");
+        } else if (value.Is(T.Class)) {
+            Class? @class = value.Ptr.As<Class>()!;
+            Stack.Set(Cursor - argumentCount - 1, Instantiate(@class));
+            if (@class.Members.TryGet(@class.Name, out Value ctor)) {
+                Context? context = ctor.Ptr.As<Context>()!;
+                return Invoke(context, argumentCount);
+            } else if (argumentCount != 0) {
+                Error($"{@class.Name}() expects 0 arguments but received {argumentCount}");
+                return false;
+            }
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private bool BindMethod(Class @class, string name)
+    {
+        if (!@class.Members.TryGet(name, out Value value)) {
+            Error($"Undefined member '{name}' on class {@class.Name}");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        Method method = new Method(value.Ptr.As<Function>()!, Peek());
+        Pop(); // remove instance from stack
+        Push(Obj.Create(method));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private Value Instantiate(Class @class)
+    {
+        Instance instance = new Instance(@class);
+        // todo: init fields etc here too
+        return Obj.Create(instance);
+    }
+
+    private void DefineMember(string name)
+    {
+        Value method = Peek();
+        Class @class = Peek(-2).Ptr.As<Class>()!;
+        @class.Members.Set(name, method);
+        Pop();
+    }
+
     private Value Peek(int delta = -1)
     {
         _logger.Method();
@@ -315,92 +468,23 @@ public class Runner : IDisposable
         Stack.Push(value);
     }
 
-    private void OpNot()
+    private Operation PopOperation(Op code)
-    {
-        Value value = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.Not(value));
-    }
-
-    private void OpAdd()
     {
+        _logger.Method(code);
+        if ((code & Op.F_Unary) == Op.F_Unary)
+            return new Operation(code, Pop(), default);
         Value right = Pop();
         Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.Add(left, right));
+        return new Operation(code, left, right);
     }
 
-    private void OpSubtract()
+    private ExecutionResult Error(string message, object? context = null, bool @throw = true)
     {
-        Value right = Pop();
+        _logger.Method(message);
-        Value left = Pop();
+        _logger.Error(message, context);
-        Push(ValueOperation.Subtract(left, right));
+        if (@throw)
-    }
+            throw new QampException(message, context);
-
+        return ExecutionResult.Execution;
-    private void OpDivide()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.Divide(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpModulo()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.Modulo(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpMultiply()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.Multiply(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpNegate()
-    {
-        Value value = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.Negate(value));
-    }
-
-    private void OpBitwiseOr()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.BitwiseOr(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpBitwiseAnd()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.BitwiseAnd(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpBitwiseXor()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.BitwiseXor(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpBitwiseLeft()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.BitwiseLeft(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpBitwiseRight()
-    {
-        Value right = Pop();
-        Value left = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.BitwiseRight(left, right));
-    }
-
-    private void OpBitwiseNot()
-    {
-        Value value = Pop();
-        Push(ValueOperation.BitwiseInvert(value));
     }
 
     public void Dispose()
@@ -409,6 +493,11 @@ public class Runner : IDisposable
     }
 }
 
+public class GarbageCollector
+{
+
+}
+
 public enum ExecutionResult
 {
     OK          = 0x0000,

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Execution/Segment.cs

@@ -29,18 +29,27 @@ public class Segment(
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    ///     Although this always returns a long, the actually stored data in the instruction set has a dynamic width (anything between 1 and 8 bytes)
+    ///     Although this always returns a long, the actually stored data in the instruction set has a dynamic width
+    ///     (anything between 1 and 9 bytes, 1 if it's just a byte, and 1 + n, where n is up to 8 bytes).<br/>
+    ///     If the first byte read is masked with 0x80, it means that this byte represents the amount of bytes that
+    ///     shall be read. If it is not, the byte is returned directly (for smaller offsets).
     /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="offset"></param>
+    /// <remarks>
-    /// <returns></returns>
+    ///     All of this is done to compress compiled instruction size.
-    public long ReadDynamic(long offset, out byte length)
+    ///     Todo: It will need to be tested wheter the cost on performance is stronger than anticipated.
+    /// </remarks>
+    public long ReadDynamic(long offset, out int read)
     {
-        length = (byte)(Read(offset) ^ 0x80);
+        byte value = Read(offset);
-        byte[] bytes = new byte[8];
+        read = 1;
-        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        if (value < 0x80) // 0x80 flag for length, less than 0x80 means direct read
-            bytes[i] = Instructions[offset + 1 + i];
+            return value;
-        }
+        int length = value ^ 0x80;
-        return bytes.ToInt64();
+        read += length;
+        var data = new byte[8];
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+            data[i] = Read(offset + i);
+        return data.ToInt64();
     }
 
     public short ReadShort(long offset) => BitConverter.ToInt16(Read(offset, 2));

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Execution/ValueOperation.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Compilation;
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Logging;
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
+
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Execution;
+
+public readonly record struct Operation(OpCode OpCode, Value Left, Value Right);
+
+public delegate Value OperationHandler(Operation operation);
+
+public static class ValueOperation
+{
+    private static readonly ILogger _logger = LoggerService.Get(nameof(ValueOperation));
+
+    private static readonly Register<OpCode, OperationHandler> _operations;
+
+    public static Value Resolve(Operation operation)
+    {
+        _logger.Method($"{operation.Left} {operation.OpCode} {operation.Right}");
+        return _operations[operation.OpCode].Invoke(operation);
+    }
+
+    static ValueOperation()
+    {
+        _operations = new Register<OpCode, OperationHandler>();
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Equal, Equal);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Greater, Greater);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Less, Less);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Not, Not);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Add, Add);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Subtract, Subtract);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Divide, Divide);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Modulo, Modulo);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Multiply, Multiply);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.Negate, Negate);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.BitwiseOr, BitwiseOr);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.BitwiseAnd, BitwiseAnd);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.BitwiseLeft, BitwiseLeft);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.BitwiseRight, BitwiseRight);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.BitwiseNot, BitwiseInvert);
+        _operations.Add(OpCode.BitwiseXor, BitwiseXor);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Equal(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic == b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Greater(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic > b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Less(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic < b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Not(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value value = operation.Left;
+        _logger.Method($"{value}");
+        Assert.NotVoid(value);
+        ulong inner = value.Unsigned;
+        return new Value(inner == 0);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Add(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        if (a.IsString)
+            return Values.Objects.String.Make($"{a}{b}");
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        bool convert = a.Type != b.Type;
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic + b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Subtract(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic - b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Divide(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        Assert.NotZero(b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic / b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Modulo(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        Assert.NotZero(b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic % b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Multiply(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic * b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value Negate(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value value = operation.Left;
+        Assert.NotVoid(value);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(value);
+        return new Value(-value.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value BitwiseOr(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic | b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value BitwiseAnd(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic & b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value BitwiseXor(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic ^ b.Dynamic);
+    }
+
+    public static Value BitwiseLeft(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic << (int)(b.Dynamic ?? 0));
+    }
+
+    public static Value BitwiseRight(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Value b = operation.Right;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
+        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
+        return new Value(a.Dynamic >> (int)(b.Dynamic ?? 0));
+    }
+
+    public static Value BitwiseInvert(Operation operation)
+    {
+        Value a = operation.Left;
+        Assert.NotVoid(a);
+        Assert.IsPrimitive(a);
+        Assert.IsInteger(a);
+        return new Value(~a.Dynamic);
+    }
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Injector.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Injector;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     Class used to export custom .dll implementations as binary instruction files (*.sqi).
+/// </summary>
+public class Injector
+{
+
+}
+
+public enum Scope
+{
+    /// <summary>Within the global scope of the file that is importing this library</summary>
+    Global,
+    /// <summary>Within the scope of the module this library exports</summary>
+    Module,
+    /// <summary>An extension of the built-in <see cref="Values.Value"/> type</summary>
+    Extension
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.csproj

@@ -5,5 +5,6 @@
     <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    <BaseOutputPath>..\Build\</BaseOutputPath>
   </PropertyGroup>
 </Project>

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Tokenization/Dialect.cs

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public class DefaultDialect : Dialect
         Define(Ref,             "ref");
         Define(Function,        "function");
         Define(Class,           "class");
-        Define(Super,           "base");
+        Define(Base,           "base");
         Define(TypeOf,          "typeof");
         Define(Print,           "print");
         Define(Import,          "import");
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public class ClassicDialect : DefaultDialect
         Define(Return, "<:");
         Define(Ref, "*&");
         Define(Function, "fq");
-        Define(Super, "^~");
+        Define(Base, "^~");
         Define(TypeOf, "?:");
         Define(Print, "::");
         Define(Import, "<!");

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Tokenization/Reader.cs

@@ -32,13 +32,19 @@ internal static partial class ReaderPatterns
         Keywords["var"]         = Var;
         Keywords["while"]       = While;
         Keywords["do"]          = Do;
-        Keywords["typeof"]      = TypeOf;
         Keywords["ref"]         = Ref;
         Keywords["function"]    = Function;
+        Keywords["funqtion"]    = Function;
+        Keywords["fq"]          = Function;
+        Keywords["funq"]        = Function;
         Keywords["return"]      = Return;
         Keywords["class"]       = Class;
-        Keywords["super"]       = Super;
+        Keywords["base"]        = Base;
+        Keywords["typeof"]      = TypeOf;
         Keywords["print"]       = Print;
+        Keywords["globals"]     = PrintGlobals;
+        Keywords["stack"]       = PrintStack;
+        Keywords["expr"]        = PrintExpr;
         Keywords["import"]      = Import;
         Keywords["export"]      = Export;
     }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Tokenization/TokenType.cs

@@ -87,10 +87,13 @@ public enum TokenType
     Ref,
     Function,
     Class,
-    Super,
+    Base,
 
-    TypeOf,
     Print,
+    PrintStack,
+    PrintGlobals,
+    PrintExpr,
+    TypeOf,
 
     Import,
     Export

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Objects/Class.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
+
+public class Class(string name) : Obj(ValueType.Class)
+{
+    public readonly string Name = name;
+    public Table Members = new();
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Objects/Context.cs

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
-using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Execution;
 
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
 
-public class Closure(Function function) : Obj(ValueType.Context)
+public class Context(Function function, ValueType type = ValueType.Context) : Obj(type)
 {
     public Function Function = function;
-    public StackRegister<OuterWrapper> PreValues = new();
+    public PushStack<Outer> Outers = new();
 
     public override string ToString() => "{}";
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Objects/Function.cs

@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ public class Function(string name, Segment segment, int outerCount, int argument
     public readonly int OuterCount = outerCount;
     public readonly int ArgumentCount = argumentCount;
 
-    public override string ToString() => $"{name}()";
+    public override string ToString() => $"{Name}()";
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Objects/Instance.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
+
+public class Instance(Class @class) : Obj(ValueType.Instance)
+{
+    public readonly Class Class = @class;
+    public Table Values = new();
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Objects/Method.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
+
+public class Method(Function function, Value receiver) : Context(function, ValueType.Method)
+{
+    public Value Receiver = receiver;
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Objects/Outer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
+
+using T = ValueType;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     Wrapper to access values that are spread around the stack inside contexts
+/// </summary>
+public class Outer(Pointer<Value> target) : Obj(T.Outer)
+{
+    private Value _stored = Value.Void;
+    public Pointer<Value> Target = target;
+
+    public bool IsClosed { get; private set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Dynamic getter & setter that returns or writes to either the target value directly,
+    ///     or the stored value if this <see cref="Outer"/> has been closed.
+    /// </summary>
+    public Value Value 
+    {
+        get => IsClosed ? _stored : Target!.Get();
+        set {
+            if (IsClosed)
+                _stored = value;
+            else
+                Target.Set(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Value Close()
+    {
+        if (IsClosed)
+            throw new Exception($"meh, something not right here (cant close already closed outer)");
+        _stored = Target!.Get();
+        IsClosed = true;
+        return _stored;
+    }
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Objects/Table.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
+
+public class Table : Register<string, Value>
+{
+
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Ptr.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values.Objects;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Collections;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
 
 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = sizeof(ulong))]
 public readonly struct Ptr
 {
-    private static readonly StackRegister<Obj> _register = new(0x10);
+    private static readonly PushStack<Obj> _register = new(0x10);
 
     [Serialized] public readonly Address Address;
 
@@ -31,5 +32,13 @@ public readonly struct Ptr
         Address = _register.Add(obj);
     }
 
+    public T? As<T>(bool throwWhenNull = true) where T : Obj
+    {
+        T? value = Value as T;
+        if (value == null && throwWhenNull)
+            throw new RuntimeException($"Could not convert Object {Value} to target type {typeof(T)}.", Value);
+        return value;
+    }
+
     public override string ToString() => $"0x{Value}";
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/Value.cs

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ public interface IValue
 public readonly struct Value : IValue, IDebug<string>
 {
     public static readonly Value Void = new Value();
+    public static readonly Value True = new Value(true);
+    public static readonly Value False = new Value(false);
 
     [FieldOffset(0x00)] [Serialized] public readonly ulong   Unsigned;
     [FieldOffset(0x00)] [Serialized] public readonly long    Signed;
@@ -28,9 +30,7 @@ public readonly struct Value : IValue, IDebug<string>
     [FieldOffset(0x08)] [Serialized] public readonly T       Type;
     
     [FieldOffset(0x0c)] [Serialized] public readonly uint    Meta; // like lengths of arrays or lists
-
+        
-    public T ValueType => Type;
-    
     private Value(T type) => Type = type;
     
     public Value() : this(T.Void) { }
@@ -44,7 +44,20 @@ public readonly struct Value : IValue, IDebug<string>
     public Value(Ref @ref) : this(T.Reference) => Ref = @ref;
 
     public dynamic? Dynamic => AsDynamic();
-    
+
+    public T ValueType => Type;
+
+    public bool IsNumber => IsSigned || IsUnsigned || IsDecimal;
+    public bool IsSigned => Is(T.Signed);
+    public bool IsUnsigned => Is(T.Unsigned);
+    public bool IsDecimal => Is(T.Decimal);
+    public bool IsBool => Is(T.Bool);
+    public bool IsString => Is(T.String);
+    public bool IsRef => Is(T.Reference, false);
+    public bool IsObj => Is(T.Object, false);
+
+    public bool IsFalsy => IsBool ? Bool == false : Unsigned == 0;
+
     public bool Is(T type, bool exact = true)
     {
       return exact ? (Type & type) == type : (Type & type) > 0;
@@ -52,7 +65,10 @@ public readonly struct Value : IValue, IDebug<string>
     
     private unsafe dynamic? AsDynamic(bool throwWhenNull = true)
     {
-        if (Type.HasFlag(T.Object))
+        if (IsString)
+            return Ptr.As<String>()!.Value;
+
+        if (IsObj)
             return Ptr.Value;
 
         return Type switch {
@@ -88,13 +104,18 @@ public readonly struct Value : IValue, IDebug<string>
 
     public override int GetHashCode() => Unsigned.GetHashCode();
 
-    public override unsafe string ToString()
+    public override string ToString() => ToString(false);
+
+    public string ToString(bool includeType)
     {
+        if (!includeType)
+            return $"{AsDynamic(false)}";
+
         string type = Type.ToString();
         if (Type.HasFlag(T.Pointer))
             type = Ptr.Value?.Type.ToString() ?? "NullPtr";
-        
+
-        return $"[{type}, {AsDynamic(false) ?? "null"}]";
+        return $"<{type}, {AsDynamic(false) ?? "null"}>";
     }
 
     public string Debug(DebugLevel level = DebugLevel.None)

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/ValueOperation.cs

@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-using Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Logging;
-
-namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
-
-public static class ValueOperation
-{
-    private static ILogger _logger = LoggerService.Get(nameof(ValueOperation));
-
-    public static Value Not(Value v)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{v}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(v);
-        ulong inner = v.Unsigned;
-        return new Value(inner == 0);
-    }
-
-    public static Value Add(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        bool convert = a.Type != b.Type; // meh, lets make c# do that for us for now
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic + b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value Subtract(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic - b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value Divide(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        Assert.NotZero(b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic / b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value Modulo(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        Assert.NotZero(b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic % b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value Multiply(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic * b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value Negate(Value a)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a);
-        return new Value(-a.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value BitwiseOr(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic | b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value BitwiseAnd(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic & b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value BitwiseXor(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic ^ b.Dynamic);
-    }
-
-    public static Value BitwiseLeft(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic << (int)(b.Dynamic ?? 0));
-    }
-
-    public static Value BitwiseRight(Value a, Value b)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}, {b}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a, b);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a, b);
-        Assert.IsInteger(a, b);
-        return new Value(a.Dynamic >> (int)(b.Dynamic ?? 0));
-    }
-
-    public static Value BitwiseInvert(Value a)
-    {
-        _logger.Method($"{a}");
-        Assert.NotVoid(a);
-        Assert.IsPrimitive(a);
-        Assert.IsInteger(a);
-        return new Value(~a.Dynamic);
-    }
-}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Core/Values/ValueType.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.Values;
 
+/// <summary>
+/// todo: make value type a byte instead to save some memory on values
+/// edit: if that's even possible with c#'s memory padding
+/// </summary>
 [Flags]
 public enum ValueType
 {
@@ -11,6 +15,7 @@ public enum ValueType
     Decimal   = 0x0008,
     Bool      = 0x0010,
 
+    Number    = Unsigned | Signed | Decimal,
     Integer   = Unsigned | Signed | Char,
     Primitive = Integer | Decimal | Bool,
 
@@ -29,7 +34,7 @@ public enum ValueType
     Instance  = Object | 0x0020,
     Class     = Object | 0x0100,
     Method    = Class  | Function,
-    PreValue  = Object | 0x0200,
+    Outer  = Object | 0x0200,
 
     Module    = 0xFFFF
 }

Qrakhen.Qamp.Digest/Class1.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Digest;
+
+public class Class1
+{
+
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Digest/Qrakhen.Qamp.Digest.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>net10.0</TargetFramework>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <BaseOutputPath>..\Build\</BaseOutputPath>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Qrakhen.Qamp.Core\Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

Qrakhen.Qamp.Runtime/Class1.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Qrakhen.Qamp.Runtime;
+
+public class Class1
+{
+
+}

Qrakhen.Qamp.Runtime/Qrakhen.Qamp.Runtime.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>net10.0</TargetFramework>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>True</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    <BaseOutputPath>..\Build\</BaseOutputPath>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Qrakhen.Qamp.Core\Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

Qrakhen.Qamp.sln

@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 
 Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
 # Visual Studio Version 18
-VisualStudioVersion = 18.0.11123.170 d18.0
+VisualStudioVersion = 18.0.11123.170
 MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
 Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Qrakhen.Qamp.Core", "Qrakhen.Qamp.Core\Qrakhen.Qamp.Core.csproj", "{CA6F4D4E-AF35-4CA6-BC53-C83277EEE46C}"
 EndProject
 Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Qrakhen.Qamp.CLI", "Qrakhen.Qamp.CLI\Qrakhen.Qamp.CLI.csproj", "{1D355F76-9D35-4CB2-BF8C-944B0842BC30}"
 EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Qrakhen.Qamp.Digest", "Qrakhen.Qamp.Digest\Qrakhen.Qamp.Digest.csproj", "{E836DAE4-9F53-4E3D-BEF7-ADA84BE356CE}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Qrakhen.Qamp.Runtime", "Qrakhen.Qamp.Runtime\Qrakhen.Qamp.Runtime.csproj", "{4B0C0717-6529-4B70-A3EA-C3426F1B3FDC}"
+EndProject
 Global
 	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
 		Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU
@@ -21,6 +25,14 @@ Global
 		{1D355F76-9D35-4CB2-BF8C-944B0842BC30}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{1D355F76-9D35-4CB2-BF8C-944B0842BC30}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{1D355F76-9D35-4CB2-BF8C-944B0842BC30}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{E836DAE4-9F53-4E3D-BEF7-ADA84BE356CE}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E836DAE4-9F53-4E3D-BEF7-ADA84BE356CE}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E836DAE4-9F53-4E3D-BEF7-ADA84BE356CE}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{E836DAE4-9F53-4E3D-BEF7-ADA84BE356CE}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{4B0C0717-6529-4B70-A3EA-C3426F1B3FDC}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{4B0C0717-6529-4B70-A3EA-C3426F1B3FDC}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{4B0C0717-6529-4B70-A3EA-C3426F1B3FDC}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{4B0C0717-6529-4B70-A3EA-C3426F1B3FDC}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 	EndGlobalSection
 	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
 		HideSolutionNode = FALSE